The most recent U.S.-sponsored peace plan for the Center East used to be unveiled on the White Space on Sept. 29, 2025, and straight away approved via Israeli High Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
The proposal, which U.S. President Donald Trump mentioned marked a “historic” second that used to be “very close” to finishing the two-year-old battle in Gaza, will now move to Hamas. The Palestinian workforce mentioned it used to be reviewing the record, having had it delivered via Egyptian and Qatari mediators.
Must or not it’s approved, hostilities would finish “immediately,” in step with the plan. However for the reason that all earlier U.S.-backed makes an attempt have up to now failed, there may be reason why for skepticism. The Dialog became to Asher Kaufman, a professional at the trendy Center East and professor of peace research on the College of Notre Dame, to provide an explanation for what’s other about this plan – and the way it would fare.
What are the details of the brand new plan?
The plan defined via Trump within the presence of Netanyahu is composed of 20 issues.
If approved via Israel and Hamas, it could see the total withdrawal of Israel Protection Forces from the Gaza Strip in 3 levels.
The primary level could be dependent at the free up of the remainder 48 hostages taken throughout the Oct. 7, 2023, assault in Israel via Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad, 20 of whom are believed to be alive. On the identical time, Israel would free up 250 Palestinians serving lifestyles in jail, in addition to 1,700 Gazans arrested after Oct. 7.
This level would additionally see humanitarian help drift straight away to the determined inhabitants in Gaza.
Degree two would see Gaza ruled via a short lived transitional frame consisting of a technocratic, apolitical committee composed of Palestinians and world participants.
The committee could be overseen via a “board of peace” headed via Trump and different heads of state, together with former U.Ok High Minister Tony Blair. This board would additionally oversee the reconstruction of the Gaza Strip and its financial advancement.
Hamas’ participants could be given amnesty in the event that they laid down their palms, however would additionally must agree – along side different participants of militant Palestinian factions – not to have any position within the governance of Gaza.
A brand new army frame to be referred to as the World Stabilization Power could be established and deployed within the Gaza Strip. The plan requires it to be composed of Arab and world companions.
Best then would the Israeli army withdraw utterly from Gaza, at which level the post-war Gaza plan would flip to financial redevelopment.
How does this vary from previous US-backed plans?
The parts of the plan that come with Israeli withdrawal, the discharge of hostages in trade for Palestinian prisoners, and the supply of mass humanitarian help to Gaza are very similar to previous agreements, together with the ultimate one who collapsed after Israel violated its phrases in March 2025.
However there are new portions. Those come with the advent of the board of peace and the World Stabilization Power.
The previous provides concrete construction to Trump’s older concepts to expand the Gaza Strip as an actual property challenge; the latter supplies a framework for a world army drive that will police the strip for the foreseeable long term.
The plan additionally mentions a long-term horizon for self-determination and the status quo of a Palestinian state – some degree no longer raised in earlier proposals, which principally excited about finishing the battle in Gaza however left out to incorporate a longer-term pathway to statehood.
What would post-Gaza appear to be below this plan?
Trump sees the Gaza Strip as an actual property advancement alternative – he has mentioned as a lot previously, and once more talked on Sept. 29 of the alternatives of the sea coast of Gaza.
Smoke rises from the realm centered via Israeli forces in Gaza Town, Gaza on Sept. 27, 2025.
Khames Alrefi/Anadolu by way of Getty Photographs
As such, his “vision of peace” is designed principally thru an economic-development lens.
The plan envisions a reconstructed strip supported mainly via regional gamers that would stabilize the area and supply within the brief time period humanitarian reduction and in the longer term financial alternatives to Gazans.
The Trump management and Israel hope to have no longer just a Hamas-free Gaza however a depoliticized Gazan inhabitants in its entirety.
Without a position for Hamas, who will constitute Palestinians in Gaza?
It isn’t transparent from the plan who will constitute Palestinians. However studying between the strains, one can see the potential of a made over model of the Palestinian Authority, the frame that nominally governs portions of the West Financial institution, that would take the position of “Palestinian technocrats.” Level 9 of the plan means that the Palestinian Authority may have a task at some point of Gaza after the Palestinian Authority “has completed its reform program,” however it does no longer say what this reform program includes.
The plan additionally means that Palestinian police forces could be educated and supervised via the World Stabilization Power and stationed within the Gaza Strip. That still hints to the chance that the Palestinian Authority’s police – which has lengthy been accused via Palestinians of operating in live performance with the Israelis to offer safety within the West Financial institution – may take in this position.
Netanyahu has lengthy resisted taking into consideration the Palestinian Authority as a viable frame to control Gaza within the “day after” the battle.
So if this plan is going into impact, the query of who makes up the Palestinian technocratic management would possibly definitely be some of the primary obstacles.
What are the possibilities of the plan being approved?
There are two primary obstacles.
In Israel, Netanyahu will wish to get the approval of the far-right participants of his govt, who previously have resisted the rest in need of a continuation of the battle and the general takeover of the Gaza Strip via Israel. Netanyahu is aware of that his political long term relies on maintaining far-right participants of his coalition on board – and that dynamic has undone previous pushes for the top of the battle.
Activists in Tel Aviv protest the Trump-Netanyahu assembly on Sept. 29, 2025.
Yair Palti/Anadolu by way of Getty Photographs
For Hamas, if this settlement is discovered, it could imply the top of its army and political presence within the Gaza Strip.
As such, the political and militant frame – which has ruled the territory since June 2007 – will wish to be in a determined scenario to just accept the phrases. Or most likely, Hamas would possibly in the end be attuned to the determined plight of Gazans and reply to it.
The plan, as worded, provides them little to carry directly to as an success after Hamas sparked two years of battle on Oct. 7, 2023, with insufferable sacrifices for Palestinians.
It isn’t far-fetched to suppose that Netanyahu is supporting Trump’s plan understanding that possibilities of its realization are very slender. Within the ultimate two years, Netanyahu has demonstrated that he’s principally motivated via his personal political survival and he’ll no longer take any step that will jeopardize it.
Through accepting the plan, he demonstrates his alliance with the American president. It would additionally win Netanyahu precious political capital in Israel: permitting him to offer himself as keen to finish the battle, however protected within the wisdom that it is going to most probably be rejected via Hamas.
Given the truth that the plan has no concrete timeline, in particular in terms of Israel’s staged withdrawal, it additionally buys him precious political time. It would permit Netanyahu to position himself in a greater place regionally, with nationwide elections scheduled for October 2026. If Netanyahu sees that public opinion shifts in his choose he may even transfer ahead with early elections, as he steadily did previously, to capitalize at the second.
